Aldehydes, characterized by the -CHO group, are highly reactive compounds undergoing various reactions. Nucleophilic addition is central to their chemistry. The carbonyl carbon, electrophilic due to the electron-withdrawing oxygen, readily reacts with nucleophiles. Common nucleophiles include alcohols, amines, and Grignard reagents. With alcohols, hemiacetals and acetals form; with amines, imines and enamines are produced. Grignard reagents add to the carbonyl, followed by acid workup, yielding secondary alcohols. Oxidation reactions are another key feature; aldehydes readily oxidize to carboxylic acids using reagents like Tollens' reagent or Fehling's solution. Reduction, using reducing agents like lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH4) or sodium borohydride (NaBH4), converts aldehydes to primary alcohols. The reactivity of aldehydes is influenced by steric hindrance and electronic effects of substituents.
Which of the following is NOT a common reaction of aldehydes?
What is the product formed when an aldehyde reacts with a Grignard reagent followed by acid workup?
Which reagent is commonly used to oxidize aldehydes to carboxylic acids?
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