Video Summary

Aldehydes, characterized by a carbonyl group (C=O) at the terminal carbon, follow specific naming conventions. In IUPAC nomenclature, the longest carbon chain containing the aldehyde group is identified as the parent chain. The suffix '-al' is added to indicate the presence of an aldehyde functional group. The parent chain is numbered, starting from the aldehyde carbon (C=O) as carbon 1. Substituents are named and numbered accordingly, using prefixes to denote their position and type. Common names, often derived from historical or naturally occurring sources, are also used for some aldehydes, such as formaldehyde (methanal) and acetaldehyde (ethanal). These common names are less systematic but widely recognized. When the aldehyde group is attached to a ring, the suffix '-carbaldehyde' is used. Understanding these rules is crucial for correctly naming and identifying aldehydes in organic chemistry.